In addition, 38,753 of the total number of child laborers working in fishing were involved in work that could be considered hazardous according to national legislation. Based on the Government of Vietnams National Child Labor Survey 2012, the results of which were published in 2014, an estimated 49,390 child laborers work in fishing. Child labor occurs at unregulated artisanal and small-scale gold mining sites, including riverbeds in Mudzi and Mazowe. There are reports that children ages 3 to 17 produce mica in Madagascar, primarily in the southern provinces of Androy, Anosy, and Ihorombe. Most children do not receive payment for their work. Many children live at the worksite, and their freedom of movement is sometimes restricted through confiscation of identity documents and threats of arrest. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Paraguays commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgement that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. To submit information, please send an email toILAB-TVPRA@dol.gov; fax to 202-693-4830; or mail to ILAB, U.S. Department of Labor, c/o OCFT Research and Policy Unit, 200 Constitution AveNW, S-5315, Washington, DC 20210. China is the worlds largest producer of solar-grade polysilicon, and over 50 percent of the countrys production takes place in Xinjiang. That's despite efforts by companies over the past year to diversify their supply chains and comply with the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act. There are reports of children, many between the ages of 8-14, producing embellished textiles under conditions of forced labor in India. According to estimates, over one hundred thousand Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps, in addition to workers who may also experience coercion without detention. The children, beginning between ages 12 and 14, are forced to work in hazardous conditions digging, breaking rocks, transporting, washing, and pounding the gold, including work underground in narrow shafts. Adults from North Korea are sent to Russia to produce timber by the North Korean government. Some of these children are sent by their families to fulfill a mandate imposed by the military that requires each household in a village to undertake specified forced labor activities. Accidents from quarrying stone have resulted in loss of limbs, broken spinal cords, and loss of sight. The survey considers a child to be engaged in child labor if the child is working an excessive number of hours per week for his or her age, or if the child is engaged in work that is prohibited for underage employees according to national legislation. Some children are forcibly recruited, or recruited through deceptive means, and transported to coffee plantations in Cte d'Ivoire from nearby countries including Benin, Mali, Togo, and Burkina Faso. Sichuan (Szechuan) Xinsheng (New Life) Labor Factory, a/k/a Xinsheng (New Life) Labor Factory. Burma. Aa berry picking is considered to be a highly dangerous job in Brazil, requiring those involved in its harvest to climb great heights, sometimes up to 65 feet. Approximately 15,384 child laborers growing peanuts are below the minimum age for employment in Paraguay. Reports indicate that these children are beaten or threatened with physical violence by their employers. A new investigation from Britain's Sheffield Hallam University found "massive and expanding links" between major car companies and China's Xinjiang region. The ILO has found that generally children who fish may be at risk of exposure to hazards, including long hours, extreme temperatures and harsh weather conditions. Most of the children are from Nepal, however some are from West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh, India. Villagers, including children, are forced by local officials and the military to work cutting bamboo for the military camps. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 are engaged in the production of cereal grains in El Salvador. In the manufacturing sector, bricks, garments, textiles, footwear, carpets, and fireworks appear most frequently. Children dive underwater, scoop up sand, and transport it to boats on the river bank. The bonded families live at the kiln worksites, without access to safe water or sanitation facilities, and are prohibited from leaving until the debts are paid in full. They are intended to help front-line criminal law enforcement officials, inspectors, trade union officers, NGO workers, and others to identify persons who are possibly trapped in a forced labor situation, and who may require urgent assistance. According to government raids and an NGO report, between 125,000 and 210,000 children are working in Delhi embroidery workshops, and approximately 100,000 are working in zari embroidery and other textile embellishment workshops in Mumbai and elsewhere. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Paraguays commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgement that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. The families are prohibited from leaving, even once the harvest is complete, until their debts are paid off. Your donation or participation in Dressember 2018 is part of a movement to end human trafficking for good. Bricks. Scenarios like this are happening in multiple industries all across the U.S. and globally. In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015. These companies have also been suspected of having direct or indirect ties to Chinese forced labor in the aforementioned reports. And it's not just cars. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Colombias commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgment that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. Children from low-income families in the Polesia region of western Ukraine, including in Rivne, Volyn, and Zhytomyr Oblasts, are particularly vulnerable to involvement in amber extraction. Insider was unable to contact the following companies for comment: Hetian Taida, Litai Textiles, Mayor, GAC Group, MG, Tsinghua Tongfang, Urumqi Shengshi Huaer Culture Technology Co., Yili Zhuo Wan Garment Manufacturing Co., and Zhihui Haipai Internet of Things Technology Co. Below, see the responses of the companies that chose to comment. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Under the Pakistani peshgis bondage system, families are not free to leave the kiln, and are forced to produce quotas of 1,000 or more bricks per day under threat of physical violence or death. Workers face hunger and dehydration, live in degrading and unhygienic conditions, are subjected to physical violence and verbal abuse, are prevented from leaving the vessel or ending their contracts, and are frequently not paid their promised wages. Child laborers usually do not attend school, and girls working at the mines are particularly vulnerable to commercial sexual exploitation. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 13 raise sheep in Brazil. Some children are forced to work at the mines with their families in situations of bonded labor, while other children are sent away to the mines by their parents to pay off the family's debt. Some children are forced to work under threat of financial penalties or physical violence, receive little pay, and are denied wages. ILAB now updates and publishes the List every other year, pursuant to changes in the law. Its called labor trafficking. Approximately 31,372 of child laborers growing poroto beans are below the minimum age for employment in Paraguay. There are reports that adults are forced to cultivate silk cocoons in Uzbekistan. According to a university study and the ILO, some children are trafficked in groups of 25 to 50, and an estimated 2,000 children have been forced to work in rice fields in Mali. The survey estimates that 301,827 children ages 5 to 17 perform hazardous work in rural areas of Paraguay and indicates that children working in agriculture experience accidents and illnesses, including from using dangerous tools and handling chemicals. There are reports that adults are forced to produce bricks in Russia. View the list of submissions. Many children incur injuries on the job, including skin infections and cuts from sharp cane leaves or knives. The ILO, media, trade unions, government raids, and NGOs report forced child labor in garment factories in Bangkok and along the Burma border in Mae Sai and Mae Sot. Xinjiang is a major producer of tomato products, especially tomato paste. Western Fashion Brands Sued for Using Forced Labor in China. Both boys and girls, including many in the Syrian refugee community, are engaged in work activities in this sector. There are reports that thousands of adult ethnic minority workers are forcibly employed in factories producing hair products such as wigs. The survey considers a child to be engaged in child labor if the child is working an excessive number of hours per week for his or her age, or if the child is engaged in work that is prohibited for underage employees according to national legislation. Through this certification process we learned that we obtained a de minimis amount of cotton yarn from one supplier who has ties to the XUAR. Some are forced to work long hours without breaks, physically abused, and prohibited from leaving the worksite. It is estimated that there are between 300,000 and 500,000 gold miners in Venezuela. President Joe Biden signed the bill into law after evidence emerged of human-rights abuses committed by the Chinese government against Uyghur Muslims, including forced labor, government surveillance, forced sterilization, and reeducation camps. They usually live with their employer, and do not receive sufficient food. Evidence of child labor has been found in Batouri and Kambele, near the border with the Central African Republic. We also have the ability for a whistleblower line for anybody to bring this to our attention.". Farmers are required to sell their silk cocoons back to the government at an official procurement price, which can be too low to offset the cost of cultivating the cocoons, and often experience underpayment, delayed payment, or receive no payment at all. Due to the long hours worked, many child workers in this sector are unable to attend school. The 2020 Australian Strategic Policy Institute report identified Victoria's Secret among the companies that could have directly or indirectly benefited from forced labor in China. How Companies Profit From Forced Labor in Xinjiang. 1. This code is the basis for supplier selection and qualification. According to investigations, workers face up to 15-hour workdays, and often receive sub-minimum wage payments. There are reports that children from within Cte d'Ivoire, as well as migrant children from Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, Nigeria, and Togo, are working under conditions of forced labor on Ivoirian cocoa farms. There are reports that adults are forced to produce textiles in China. An NGO reports that workers are forced to remit 80 percent of their wages to the North Korean government in addition to paying for room and board, and are allowed to keep only $30 to $50 per month, far below the minimum wage. The company did not respond to a request for comment for this story. Families take an advance payment from recruiters and then are forced to work to pay off the debt; the debt rolls over from one year to the next, binding the worker in a cycle of debt bondage. Child labor in the sugarcane sector occurs on both commercial plantations and smallholder farms. Submissions will continue to be taken into account as ILAB works to release periodic updates to the List. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 in Vietnam cultivate rubber. But what if your boss replied, You cant quit What if your boss said that the company owns you and has authority over whether you get to leave? Based on an analysis of the survey, an estimated 65,775 child laborers raise poultry. Real justice is fighting for those who cant fight for themselves, and the companies within these industries who see this injustice must fight. In some cases, children are forced to work in electronics factories through arrangements between the factories and the schools that the children attend in order to cover alleged tuition debts. Children involved in khat cultivation, pruning, and bundling may become addicted to the drug due to contact with excretions from the plant. /*-->*/. In many cases, quarry owners give workers advances and loans to pay for growing household and medical expenses related to silicosis. The majority of these workers are recruited overseas, mostly from Indonesia and the Philippines, by agencies that sometimes deceive workers with false information regarding their wages and the terms of the contracts, and require the workers to pay recruitment fees and sign debt contracts. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Paraguays commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgement that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015. Working in casinos or hotels may not be as glamorous or exciting as it seems. Uniqlo is a fast-fashion brand that used child labor in the past. There are reports that children are forced to produce sugarcane in Bolivia. Reports indicate children from Sichuan, Guangxi, and other provinces are sent to work primarily in Guangdong to make toys. Victims and local NGOs report that some workers who live on the plantation experience degrading living conditions, with no access to clean water or latrines. During the subsequent contract, the children receive little or no wages after the initial advance payment as wages are deducted to repay the advance, and accommodation and food expenses are also deducted. Active 10. Forced labor often occurs on fishing vessels operating in Indonesian territorial waters, especially around the remote island ports of Benjina and Ambon. Evidence of forced and bonded labor has been found in the Assam state. In 2021, the company said it did not source any materials linked to human-rights violations in its supply chain. Forced child labor in the production of Brazil nuts is known to be found in the Amazon region in particular, and migrant workers are particularly vulnerable. The Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB) maintains a list of goods and their source countries which it has reason to believe are produced by child labor or forced labor in violation of international standards, as required under the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA) of 2005 and subsequent reauthorizations. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. The survey estimates that 123,259 children ages 5 to 17 perform hazardous child labor in El Salvador, including using dangerous tools, carrying heavy loads, working with chemicals, working long or night shifts, and being exposed to dust, smoke, or extreme heat or humidity. Several Apple suppliers may have used forced labor in China, according to The Information.Working with two human rights groups, the publication identified seven companies that supplied products or . The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Paraguays commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgement that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. Employers threaten to withhold food from the workers, including children. VanderKlippe, Nathan. Some children are denied sufficient food by their traffickers and employers. Children harvest sand during school hours and at night, and are at risk of accidents from collapsing mine walls that can result in loss of life. Recruiters in Moscow frequently drug and abduct victims who are then sold to brick factory owners in Dagestan. According to the most recently available data from the media, the ILO, and a university study, there are hundreds of thousands of these children across Pakistan. Families borrow money and are paid too little to escape their debt, remaining in debt bondage. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 13 cultivate bananas in Brazil. These debts incurred hinder the workers ability to leave the coffee plantations. In Cambodia, bovines are primarily used for domestic consumption and for farming purposes, and are raised by approximately 1.4 million smallholders primarily located in provinces bordering the Mekong River, with a heavy concentration found in the southern rice-producing provinces. According to reports from NGOs, tens of thousands of children were exploited in the production of pornography, and evidence suggests that many of them were forced to do so. Of the 24,377 child laborers engaged in the production of furniture, 13,670 children worked in furniture production for more than 42 hours per week. The survey estimates that 301,827 children ages 5 to 17 perform hazardous work in rural areas of Paraguay and indicates that children working in agriculture experience accidents and illnesses, including from using dangerous tools and handling chemicals. According to the ILO and NGOs, forced child labor is pervasive, particularly in Karen, Shan, and Arakan States near military camps, with children constituting up to 40 percent of forced laborers being used for a variety of activities, including the production of bamboo. There are reports that children are forced to work in the production of teak in Burma. An estimated 35,000 migrant workers are employed by the fleet. Child miners are paid little if at all. Acer, Alstom, Asus, BAIC Motor, Badger Sportswear, Bestway, Bombardier, Bosch, BYD, Candy Group, Carter's, Cerruti 1881, Changan Automobile, Cisco, COFCO Tunhe, CRRC, Dell, Electrolux, Esprit, Esquel Group, Fila, Founder Group, GAC Group, Geely Auto, Goertek, Haier, Hart Schaffner Marx, Hetian Taida, Hisense, Hitachi, HP, HTC, Huafu Fashion Co., Huawei, iFlytek, Jack & Jones, Jaguar, Japan Display Inc., Lacoste, Land Rover, Lenovo, LG, Li-Ning, Litai Textiles, Mayor, Meizu, MG, Mitsubishi, Mitsumi, Nokia, Oculus, Oppo, Panasonic, Puma, SAIC Motor, Samsung, SGMW, Sharp, Siemens, Skechers, Sony, TDK, Toshiba, Tsinghua Tongfang, Urumqi Shengshi Huaer Culture Technology Co., Vivo, Xiaomi, Yili Zhuo Wan Garment Manufacturing Co., Zegna, Zhihui Haipai Internet of Things Technology Co., and ZTE. According to the report, the Xinjiang workers were mostly Uyghur women. There are reports that children are forced to produce carpets in Nepal. If you're buying a car, electronics, clothing, or beverages from one of dozens of major household names, you could be buying products made in part by forced labor in the Xinjiang region of China. Global imports of lithium-ion batteries from China were reported to be over $16.5 billion in 2020. In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015. Approximately 3,850 child laborers growing onions (cebollita en hoja) are below the minimum age for employment in Paraguay. The survey estimates that 9,790 child laborers raise sheep throughout rural areas in Paraguay. Some child laborers in this sector use hazardous chemicals, machinery, and materials. "After finding the report, we immediately conducted a fact-finding investigation, but did not find evidence that those suppliers were involved in the forced labor. China has 98 percent of the world's manufacturing capacity for photovoltaic ingots; 97 percent for photovoltaic wafers; 81 percent for solar cells; and 77 percent for solar modules, all of which are made with polysilicon. Reports indicate that children frequently die while working, having been forced to work under extreme conditions. There are reports that children ages 6-17 are forced to produce cotton in Benin. More broadly, according to varied estimates, at least 100,000 to hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps. Nike, Adidas, Apple, Microsoft and Samsung are among 83 multinationals that have been linked to forced labor by Uighurs in factories across China, according . Alstom: "Following the publication of the ASPI report, Alstom and ex-Bombardier Transportation (BT) have undertaken a review of potential forced labour issues in the KTK Group factories supplying Alstom and ex-BT. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Pakistans commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgment that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. Migrant workers and individuals from scheduled castes, a socially disadvantaged group in India, are especially vulnerable to forced labor in sandstone quarries. Approximately 24 million people trafficked for labor are in bondage, working in an industry in which they receive little to no pay. Researchers note that Xinjiang is undergoing an expansion of the energy sector, including solar energy and polysilicon, and thousands of Uyghur workers have reportedly been transferred to work sites over the last five years. Children in granite quarries are at high risk of physical injury, and are exposed to large quantities of dust and smoke, which can cause respiratory diseases. The final slide contains an exhaustive list of companies that could be linked to forced labor, according to the reports. A cycle of multi-generational debt bondage is created when adults are unable to pay back the high interest charged on loans offered by brick kiln owners and are forced to pass along outstanding debts to their children. Children are also trafficked from around the country to work on cotton farms in Houet and Tuy provinces. In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of El Salvadors commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgement that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. Burmese and Cambodian immigrants are particularly vulnerable to forced child labor in the shrimp industry. The survey estimates that 6,594 child laborers grow peppers throughout rural areas in Paraguay. Aa berry picking is considered to be a highly dangerous job in Brazil, requiring those involved in its harvest to climb great heights, sometimes up to 65 feet. Based on an analysis of Mexicos National Survey of Occupation and Employment Child Labor Module 2017, an estimated 17,826 children work in garment production. Former Campbell subsidiaries in the Asia-Pacific region previously sourced a small amount of ingredients from Xinjiang. Forced labor does not occur in PUMA's value chain. There are reports that adults are forced to produce timber in Russia. Where companies responded before publication, they have included their relevant clarifications in their report. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 are engaged in the production of baked goods in El Salvador. #block-googletagmanagerfooter .field { padding-bottom:0 !important; } You can find hope in the work and effort of other industries that fight to see an end to modern-day slavery. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 grow melons in Paraguay. Often entire families, including children, are given an advance payment to work in the harvest, and then incur more debt during the harvest. There are reports that children, as young as age 8, are engaged in the harvesting of aa berries in Brazil. According to international researchers and NGOs, numerous incidents of forced child labor have been reported in Cambodia. Based on the analysis of Ecuadors 2019 National Survey of Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment, an estimated 10,564 children under the minimum age for work are involved in child labor in bovine raising. There are reports that children ages 5 to 17 work in granite quarries in Burkina Faso. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 13 raise poultry in Brazil. Diamond mines are concentrated in Koidu, Kenema, and Kono districts in the Eastern Province. Miners experience unsafe working conditions, unsafe and degrading living conditions, extortion and financial penalties, limited freedom of communication, and threats of violence and torture. The company also pointed to a previous statement. Approximately 36.7 percent, or 12,526, of these child laborers are under 15 years old, which is the minimum age for employment in Vietnam. Organized trafficking rings link the farmers with the teachers and the children. Starbucks lists coffees from countries such as Guatamala, Kenya, Costa Rica and Panama; however, none of these single-sourced coffees are certified by them as "Fair Trade." Rather, they are all regions that are known to use child labor. Insider compiled a list of the 93 other companies named in one or both of the following reports: the 2020 Congressional-Executive Commission on China and a 2020 report from the Australian Strategic Policy Institute. An analysis of the Pakistan Labour Force Survey 20172018 considers all work performed by children under age 14 to be child labor. ", Another 2020 report from the Congressional-Executive Commission on China, a bipartisan group of US lawmakers, named Nike among the companies "suspected of directly employing forced labor or sourcing from suppliers that are suspected of using forced labor. According to international organizations, NGOs, and media sources, there is credible evidence of the use of child labor in small and medium-sized garment manufacturers in various cities nationwide, including Gaziantep, Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir. "Compliance with human rights, labor rights and environmental standards is a top priority at PUMA and has been specified in our Codes of Conduct for over 20 years. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 grow corn in Paraguay. Accordingly, roughly more than half of all people stuck in modern-day slavery are victims of labor trafficking. An estimated 35,000 migrant workers are employed by the fleet. For example, research has found at least eight garment factories in Yangon State with incidents of child labor, and reports indicate that child labor remains present in the industry. The 2020 Congressional-Executive Commission on China report named Campbell Soup Company among the companies suspected of having ties to forced labor in Xinjiang. These children are held against their will on isolated farms, are locked in their living quarters at night, and are threatened and beaten if they attempt to escape. In addition, according to the ILO, academics, NGOs, local government officials, and the U.S. Department of State, numerous incidents of child labor have been reported in sand production across the country. PUMA has no direct or indirect business relationship with manufacturers in Xinjiang, the province in Western China where the Uyghurs live. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) Issues Withhold Release Order (WRO): CBP has issued a WRO on silica-based products made by Hoshine Silicon Industry Co., Ltd., a company located in . About 42.9 percent, or 2,595, of these child laborers are under 15 years old, which is the minimum age for employment in Vietnam. BYD's industry leading zero-emissions battery-electric buses, trucks and forklifts are hard at work every day in a variety of mission critical applications throughout the United States and we're incredibly proud of the fact that our products and services help power America's green transition.". Based on the analysis of Ecuadors 2019 National Survey of Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment, an estimated 5,896 children under the minimum age for work are involved in child labor in rice production.
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