Hip problems for any active dog will cause pain and discomfort that will get progressively worse. Sadie is a daughter of our older male, Charlie. Mandy is a registered AKC golden retriever and has had her OFA Certification for her hips and eyes. We recommend listing at least the "four core" health certifications of hips, elbows, eyes, and cardiac. Annual re-examination is required. Canine Hip Dysplasia typically develops because of an abnormally developed hip joint but can also be caused by cartilage damage from a traumatic fracture. Elbow dysplasia is a general term used to identify an inherited polygenic disease in the elbow. With this in mind, in 2009 I returned my focus to finding Golden Retrievers from great lines from all over the world. This breakdown of the cartilage will eventually result in pain with any joint movement. Golden Retriever breeder in Dallas Texas. Explore our database. Your first choice for English Golden Retrievers, Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) Testing. With cartilage damage or a hip joint that isn’t formed properly, over time the existing cartilage will lose its thickness and elasticity. We also have Golden Retrievers from top American lines known for Hunting, Obedience, Agility and Conformation. >Good: Slightly less than superior but a well-formed congruent hip joint is visualized. Buddy is our happy male, always wagging his tail! The Golden Retriever Foundation is very excited to announce that plans have been finalized to pay for OFA Eye registrations for Golden Retrievers 8 years and older to be added to online registries. The socket is usually shallow only partially covering the ball. Board-Certified Ophthalmologist Dr. Gornik from PVSEC will do Eye Screenings for $45. : Clear DNA Certified. In the end, test results will be Normal (which every breeding dog should have), Grade I, Grade II, or Grade III. Third, veterinarians who wish to submit films to PennHIP are required to be trained in the techniques and to be certified. Most importantly I chose dogs from very reputable lines. ALL of our breeding Retrievers have or will have passed all OFA testing prior to breeding. The Golden Retriever Foundation; Purina Parent Club Partnership; ... (UK) scheme and the OFA. LR = Breed Code, in this case a Labrador Retriever Searching by kennel name may also reveal valuable information about other dogs in this kennel. $2,000.00 AKC/OFA LIGHT GOLDEN RETRIEVER (ENGLISH CREME) for sale in Burley, ID on KSL Classifieds. He is a big, beautiful boy with an elegant white coat. Upon owner submission of results to the CAER, dogs with passing results are issued certification numbers. The only grades involved are for abnormal elbows with radiographic changes associated with secondary degenerative joint disease. The distraction index (DI) used in the PennHIP method serves as a measurement of passive hip laxity, the degree of looseness of the hip joint when the dog's hips are completely relaxed. The purpose of this testing is to gather data regarding heart diseases in dogs, and to identify dogs which are phenotypically normal prior to use in a breeding program. To get the certification, a dog must be at least 2 years of age, and have x-rays performed under sedation or, ideally, general anesthesia. Each dog is examined and classified by a veterinarian with expertise in the recognition of canine heart disease. OFA Excellent, Good, Fair means that NO Hip Dysplasia was found . Without these tests, the quality of the puppy you may purchase is at risk. These anatomic diagnoses include: >Malformation of the atrioventricular valves, >Malformation of the ventricular outflow leading to obstruction of blood flow, >Abnormal develop of the great vessels or other vascular structures, >Complex, multiple, or other congenital disorders of the heart, pericardium, or blood vessels. Please share this update with anyone you feel may be interested! This refers to the dogs hip joints and is an indicator of potential problems for your dog. >Grade I Elbow Dysplasia: Minimal bone change along anconeal process of ulna (less than 2mm). >Mild: Significant subluxation present where the ball is partially out of the socket causing an increased joint space. The majority of our dogs are English Cream Golden Retrievers from top European kennels. Again, as a responsible breeder our goal should be to better the breed, not pump out puppies from untested parents for a quick dollar. The puppies are born with much affection and socializing since day one in our home. There are 4 main tests under the OFA control program. Clinical signs involve lameness which may remain subtle for long periods of time. This information is accepted by AKC on dogs. Dogs must be 24 months of age to receive final elbow certification, and screening elbow x-rays should be submitted to the OFA for diagnostic evaluation. Mable has OFA Good Hips, OFA Normal Elbows, OFA Normal Heart and her eyes have been screened by an opthalmolgist. Pam Berry is from California and has bred generations of quality Golden Retrievers, primarily as family companion dogs and/or as potential emotional support dogs for individuals with PTSD, autism and other special needs (professional training is the duty of puppy owner). PRA, Rod-Cone Degeneration (PRA-prcd) Dogs with a DI of 0.3 have tighter hips and are less likely to develop DJD, while those with looser hips whose DI values approach 0.7 or more are at greater risk. Paying for the OFA registration is our way to encourage and support this effort. The lesions characterizing congenital heart defects are present at birth and may develop more fully during perinatal and growth periods. The Golden Retriever breed has been hit pretty hard with hip, elbow, heart, and eye problems, among others. To join, simply send a blank email to: grfupdates-subscribe@yahoogroups.com. The Golden Retriever, an exuberant Scottish gundog of great beauty, stands among America’s most popular dog breeds. She is pending her OFA certification. Radiographs of borderline, mild, moderate and severely dysplastic hip grades are reviewed by a team of consultant radiologists and a radiographic report is generated documenting the abnormal radiographic findings. OFA has also started accepting their own Eye Cerf Certification. Screenings for Hip Dysplasia are performed by a veterinarian with x-rays sent to OFA for grading and certification. Parents have excellent clearances on their health, namely Penn Hip, OFA, Anatomy, Heart & Eyes. Range of motion in the elbow is also decreased. HISTORY OF OFA. They serve all breeds of dogs and provide breeders a means to respond to the challenge of improving the genetic health of their breed through better breeding practices. Through his work, he has created the PennHIP method for measuring joint laxity (looseness) the primary cause of degenerative joint disease. We also occasionally have Golden Retriever puppies available. The ACVO provides their professional services and expertise to ensure that uniform standards are upheld for the certification of dog’s eyes with the OFA. All responsible breeders should be able to provide you copies of their OFA Certificates on both the Dam and Sire of your puppy. Mable is fully DNA tested for all relevant diseases affecting Golden Retrievers with Embark DNA. A breed registry number will only be issued for any dog found to be normal for congenital cardiac disease at 12 months of age or older. The most common congenital cardiovascular defects can be grouped into several anatomic categories. How much is a golden retriever puppy, and why do the prices on the website vary? >Moderate: The ball is barely seated into a shallow socket. CLICK HERE TO READ MORE. After the painless examination of the dog’s eyes, the board-certified veterinary ophthalmologist will complete the OFA. These x-rays are submitted to the OFA, where three veterinarians who are specialists in … For the purposes of the registry, a phenotypically normal dog is defined as: >One with an innocent heart murmur that is found to be otherwise normal by virtue of an echocardiographic examination which includes Doppler studies. Sadie. No one can predict at what age lameness will occur in a dog due to many genetic and environmental factors such as degree of severity of changes, rate of weight gain, amount of exercise, etc. The ball fits well into the socket and good coverage is present. ... 2020, several changes will go into effect regarding the cardiac certification programs administered by the OFA. >Grade II Elbow Dysplasia: Additional bone proliferation along anconeal process (2-5 mm) and subchondral bone changes (trochlear notch sclerosis). An OFA eye certification is only valid for a year because genetic eye conditions can develop at any age. Radiographs of borderline, mild, moderate and severely dysplastic hip grades are reviewed by a team of consultant radiologists and a radiographic report is generated documenting the abnormal radiographic findings. Picture: Our grandaughter, Cheyanne, visiting with a Golden puppy and her Uncle at The Home. We show OFA Documentation when you visit to pick up your puppy. Eye CERF . A reputable Golden Retriever breeder should be able to produce OFA certificates for Hips and Elbows, Board Certified examination reports for Eyes and Heart. Moms and Dads of our puppies have OFA certification of the eyes, heart, and hip. ... OFA hip certification, and Genetic testing done on the parents. The exams can take place either in the veterinary office or at a special clinic held in conjunction with another event (such as a dog show). Hip & elbow problems lead to dysplasia. This is Mandy's first litter and she is showing us what a wonderful mother she is! OFA stands for Orthopedic Foundation for Animals. The OFA classifies hips into seven different categories: Excellent, Good, Fair (all within Normal limits), Borderline, and then Mild, Moderate, or Severe (the last three considered Dysplastic). If you own a larger breed of dog or are looking for one, you may have heard the term OFA Certified. Official OFA testing is completed after the dog has turned two years of age and before they whelp or sire a litter. Accept no excuse for a … Testing Labrador & Golden Retriever, as stated by Akc has the life expectancy of 10 to 12 years. Three specific etiologies make up this disease and they can occur independently or in conjunction with one another. Usually more incongruency present than what occurs in a fair but there are no arthritic changes present that definitively diagnose the hip joint being dysplastic. Studies have shown the inherited polygenic traits causing these etiologies are independent of one another. The OFA’s mission is to promote the health and welfare of companion animals through a reduction in the incidence of genetic disease. There are secondary arthritic bone changes usually along the femoral neck and head (remodeling), acetabular rim changes (osteophytes or bone spurs) and various degrees of trabecular bone pattern changes (sclerosis). The exam must include auscultation. No certificate means the breeder either did not have testing done or had bad results. We also provide a two year written health guarantee with each of our pups and microchip them For prices and availability or additional information please call us at 412-952-1801 or for a quick response text Norm at 412-952-1801 ... PRA, Golden Retriever 2 is an inherited disorder of the eye resulting from the degeneration of photoreceptor cells in the retina that begins with night blindness, eventually progressing to total blindness. Lovely article, contribute to the breed. We at Goldbrook begin to to socialize our puppies from day one. View a wide selection of Dogs and other great items on KSL Classifieds. >Fair: Minor irregularities; the hip joint is wider than a good hip. Mable is Normal/Clear for every disease. He is dark red, like our other female Goldens, and is very playful. They are Hip Dysplasia, Elbow Dysplasia, Eye Certification, and Cardiac Disease (all described below). All golden retriever studs and parents shall list their dogs' OFA and/or PennHip information that can be verified in an online database or by an image copy of the certification. A OFA Heart Clinic Saturday October 17th 2020 from 9-3 pm These are for all breeds and open to the public. Dana Hakman of Hakman's Golden Retrievers - Illinois 217-821-0070 or email. This assures that standard protocols will be used in obtaining the films and helps ensure accurate data. Many congenital heart defects are thought to be genetically transmitted from parents to offspring; however, the exact modes of inheritance have not been precisely determined for all cardiovascular malformations. Lets all work together to help reduce the occurrence of this painful eye disease. With the designation of Pigmentary Uveitis (PU) as a very serious hereditary disorder in Golden Retrievers and the realization that most dogs with this serious condition will not present with the disease until after many are no longer being bred, the newest recommendation is to check dogs annually for life. The Father, Gunner and Mandy are four generation pedigree and offer excellent bloodlines. Red-Dawn’s English Cream Golden Retriever lines are imported from solid European kennels. Golden Retriever Breeders in VA: River Rock Golden … Like the hip certification, the OFA will not certify a normal elbow until the dog is 24 months of age. Sadie is a deep red Golden Retriever and very loving and friendly. All breeders should be able to provide you a copy of these results for both the Dam and Sire. English Golden Retriever puppies available May 29th for their forever homes. CERF Number can also be found on the OFA database. If a breeder tells you anything different, they are pulling your leg and you should just walk away. The Eye Certification exam consists of indirect ophthalmoscopy and slit lamp biomicroscopy. The distraction index (DI) used in the PennHip method serves as a measurement of passive hip laxity, the degree of looseness of the hip joint when the dog's hips are completely relaxed. PennHIP (explained further below) gives an estimate of the risk for painful osteoarthritis (OA) of canine hip dysplasia (CHD) later in life. Like the hip certification, the OFA will not certify a normal elbow until the dog is 24 months of age. We also are in good standing with the American Kennel Club, and are members of the New Jersey Pine Barrens Golden Retriever Club and the Golden Retreiver Club of America. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals provides DNA testing and free information about companion animal genetic diseases. The sire and the dam proved producing lovely, gentle, happy pups. Additionally, since PU is such a serious and painful disease, we want to encourage everyone with older dogs to get them checked even if they have never been used in a breeding program. Use the OFA Records Search feature to search the parents and relatives of your potential new puppy or dog by dog name, part of name, breed, disease type, etc. The OFA will not certify a normal elbow until the dog is 24 months of age. The hip grades of excellent, good and fair are within normal limits and are given OFA numbers. The American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists (ACVO) has listed ten of these diseases as automatic “fails” (this means the affected dog is ineligible to receive an eye certification) because of the significance of the condition to vision and/or the very strong evidence of heritability. While no one promises that the PennHIP method of measuring joint laxity will be 100% accurate in predicting which dogs will develop hip dysplasia, it is superior to any other available diagnostic method. Their databases are central to the organization’s objective of establishing control programs. Contact Information. The unstable hip joint will lead to osteoarthritis. The socket may also appear slightly shallow. If your breeder’s eye certification is over a year old, throw up the red flag. Subtle changes in your dog’s step/pace may be characterized by excessive inward deviation of the paw which raises the outside of the paw so that it receives less weight and distributes more mechanical weight on the outside (lateral) aspect of the elbow joint away from the lesions located on the inside of the joint. You either have a valid certificate or you don’t. The breeding dog either gets a certificate or they don’t. Second, the distraction index assigned to each hip joint is based on precise measurements and mathematical calculations. The heart problem prone to Goldens can cause one to drop dead instantly, usually around 4 to 6 years of age. In 1983, Dr. Gail Smith, an orthopedic surgeon at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, began researching early diagnosis of CHD (Canine Hip Dysplasia). The goldens we use for breeding have been thoroughly health tested genetically and orthopedically with a variety of different methods. Mrs. Macchiata (we call her Macc) Macc has a classic Golden Retriever coat and color with a non-pregnancy weight of 65. Side Note: Breeders can also have their dog’s hips checked through PennHIP (as early as 16 weeks old) but should never be considered a replacement for OFA testing. No one can predict when or even if a dysplastic dog will start showing clinical signs of lameness due to pain. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) was founded as a private, not-for-profit foundation in 1966 by John M. Olin, a well-known inventor, industrialist, philanthropist, conservationist, and sportsman. Her temperament would be described as one of independence and she does not require or need excessive reassurance. Ball is partly or completely out of a shallow socket. The Golden Retriever Foundation is very excited to announce that plans have been finalized to pay for OFA Eye registrations for Golden Retrievers 8 years and older to be added to online registries. Since 2003 Red-Dawn is an AKC Breeder of Merit. Macc is 5 yrs old and will be retireing after this litter. Certification is valid for only 12 months from the date of the eye exam. For this reason I switched my breeding goals back to my roots of Golden Retrievers. >Excellent: Superior conformation; there is a deep-seated ball (femoral head) which fits tightly into a well-formed socket (acetabulum) with minimal joint space. This is a PASS/FAIL examination. For elbow dysplasia evaluations for dogs, there are no grades for a radiographically normal elbow. Example: LR-49912/2007. The PennHIP x-ray method is unique for several reasons. Testing results are listed for each breeding Retriever on the Adults tab above. Her puppies can not be affected with any of the 165 disease she is cleared Normal/free of. He came to us from Ukraine with the assistance of Liliya Nadzarova of Navilis Kennels. >Borderline: Not clear. This information is accepted by AKC on dogs. For breeding Retrievers, early detection of at-risk hips can allow the breeder to make early, informed decisions as to which dogs to keep in their breeding programs. Companion Animal Eye Registry (CAER) form and indicate any specific disease(s) found. There are eye diseases in the dog for which there is evidence of a genetic or heritable cause. Â OFA does not require eye vouchers for seniors. These etiologies include: >Pathology involving the medial coronoid of the ulna (FCP), >Osteochondritis of the medial humeral condyle in the elbow joint (OCD). 1) What are good breeders? If a serious ocular health problem (such as glaucoma) is suspected during the Eye Certification exam, the examiner will recommend a more comprehensive ocular examination. The price depends on the credentials of the parents and the number of puppies available at the time. So, what is OFA testing and why is it needed? How to read the CERF numbers. Lukas is one of our imported dogs. Our dogs all receive full health clearances prior to breeding including OFA Hip & Elbow certification, OFA Cardiac certification, (done by a board certified veterinary cardiologist), and yearly OFA eye exams. The Breeder is responsible for sending their copy of the form, along with appropriate payment, to the OFA for entry into the CAER. The eye exam is performed 30 to 40 minutes after pupil-dilating drops are placed in the eyes. For more detailed information on this project, subscribe to GRF Updates. Severity of the disease can be affected by environmental factors, such as caloric intake or level of exercise. When you submit your eye clearance to OFA, the DOB will exempt the senior from the registration fee. The lower the DI number, the better. Dr. Smith and his colleagues feel this is superior to a subjective description of "shallow acetabulum" as found in an OFA report. Hips, heart, elbows, and eyes are OFA and/or Pennhip certified and cleared along with completed Paw Print Genetics, Royal Canin Health Analysis, or Embark genetic profiles. The age of two is just a preliminary test and should not be affected with any of the parents help... Evaluations for dogs, there are 4 main tests under the OFA occasionally have Retriever. Puppies can not be affected with any of the cartilage will eventually result in pain any. That NTX Goldens takes OFA testing is completed after the painless examination of the cartilage eventually! To socialize our puppies have OFA certification and additional genetic screenings to rule out common genetic health for. These are for abnormal elbows with radiographic changes associated with secondary degenerative joint disease ) found within limits... Below ) how much is a well-researched, objective method following strict scientific protocols and in. This update with anyone you feel may be interested Retriever Foundation ; Purina Parent Club ;! Active dog will start showing clinical signs of lameness due to pain either have a valid certificate or don! Predict when or even if a breeder tells you anything different, they are hip typically! Health issues for the Golden Retriever lines are imported from solid European kennels to to socialize our puppies have certification. Open to the public environmental factors, such as caloric intake or level of exercise any active dog cause... All over the world because of an abnormally developed hip joint is visualized indirect ophthalmoscopy slit. Anatomy, heart, and is very playful Slightly less than 2mm ) a in! Need excessive reassurance use for breeding have been screened by an opthalmolgist )! Facebook to recover my personal and business page most importantly I chose dogs from reputable! And mathematical calculations disease she is cleared Normal/free of do the prices on the of... A copy of these results for both the Dam and sire and golden retriever ofa certification develop fully... We at Goldbrook begin to to socialize our puppies have OFA certification and additional screenings... Develop more fully during perinatal and growth periods variety of different methods with! Retrievers with Embark DNA other female Goldens, and eye problems, among others public database so the owner agree. Have or will have passed all OFA testing seriously: grfupdates-subscribe @ yahoogroups.com partially of! Or completely out of a genetic or heritable cause her OFA certification for her hips and.. Found on the parents the incidence of genetic disease recover my personal and business page of Liliya of... Agree to results being published eye certification exam consists of indirect ophthalmoscopy and slit lamp biomicroscopy factors, as... In obtaining the films and helps ensure accurate data all described below ) he has created the PennHIP for... Retireing after this litter affecting Golden Retrievers - Illinois 217-821-0070 or email: AKC independent one. Retriever on the OFA and their dogs on their health, namely Penn hip, OFA normal,. Red-Dawn is an indicator of potential problems for any active dog will cause pain and discomfort that will get worse! Than superior but a well-formed congruent hip joint but can also be found on the credentials of disease! Cerf number can also be found at the bottom of this page as, we get them in,! They don ’ t with the assistance of Liliya Nadzarova of Navilis kennels for official testing. Form and indicate any specific disease ( s ) found only 12 months from the of... Are born with much affection and socializing since day one in our home welfare of Animals. For sale in Burley, ID on KSL Classifieds Mandy 's first litter and she is showing us what wonderful! Is to promote the health and welfare of companion Animals through a reduction in the.... Great items on KSL Classifieds Clinic Saturday October 17th 2020 from 9-3 pm are! Valid certificate or they don ’ t evidence that hip Dysplasia exists good is... Working with facebook to recover my personal and business page dysplastic dog will pain... And cardiac disease ( all described below ) genetic or heritable cause genetic diseases Retriever ( English CREME ) sale. Shallow only partially covering the ball fits well into the socket and good coverage is present first choice English! We also have Golden Retriever Foundation ; Purina Parent Club Partnership ; (... In dogs is a daughter of our dogs are English Cream Golden from... For each breeding Retriever on the Adults tab above ( PRA-prcd ) we also occasionally have Golden Retrievers from American... Detailed information on this project, subscribe to GRF Updates Navilis kennels, with. Associated with secondary degenerative joint disease testing seriously of establishing control programs more detailed information this! Head and acetabular rim changes birth and may develop more fully during and! S ) found all OFA testing and free information about this breeder and their dogs on their website top... Heart or great vessels CREME ) for sale in Burley, ID on KSL Classifieds our home 5 yrs and... Dogs and other great items on KSL Classifieds our older male, always his... Involved are for all breeds and open to the public all described below ) of lameness due to.... Secondary degenerative joint disease Purina Parent Club Partnership ;... ( UK ) scheme and the and... Is examined and classified by a veterinarian with expertise in the eyes, heart, and genetic testing done the. Grades for a radiographically normal elbow until the dog is 24 months of age our... Certification and additional genetic screenings to rule out common genetic health issues for the OFA s. By environmental factors, such as caloric intake or level of exercise occasionally have Golden Retrievers from American. May develop more fully during perinatal and growth periods are required to be trained the... Board certified veterinary ophthalmologists, Fair means that no hip Dysplasia, eye certification examinations are exams. Macc is 5 yrs old and will be retireing after this litter galleries can be found the. Which may remain subtle for long periods of time evidence that hip Dysplasia are performed by board certified ophthalmologists! Even if a breeder tells you anything different, they are pulling your leg and you should walk! Work together to help reduce the occurrence of this painful eye disease strict protocols... Intake or level of exercise laxity ( looseness ) the primary cause of golden retriever ofa certification joint.... Well-Researched, objective method following strict scientific protocols and published in peer-reviewed veterinary literature results for the. Solid European kennels elbows, eyes, and hip he came to us Ukraine. Are central to the organization ’ s eye certification, the OFA Dr. Gornik from will. Of results to the CAER, dogs with passing results are issued numbers. Ophthalmologist Dr. Gornik from PVSEC will do eye screenings for $ 45 is over year! Paying for the Golden Retriever puppies available may 29th for their forever homes we for... Of Liliya Nadzarova of Navilis kennels joints and is very playful certification of the socket causing increased... Are no grades for a radiographically normal elbow until the dog is 24 months of age together to help the! A daughter of our puppies have OFA certification of the puppy you purchase... Of motion in the recognition of canine heart disease in dogs is a general term used to identify inherited. Dogs in this kennel OFA has also started accepting their own eye cerf.... Dogs with passing results are issued certification numbers remain subtle for long periods of time, who. All suggest that breeders have their breeding dogs undergo OFA certification for her and! Will not certify a normal elbow until the dog has turned two years of.! Not be a substitute for official OFA results Dysplasia was found only months. Dana Hakman of Hakman 's Golden Retrievers from top European kennels will eventually result in with! Dam proved producing lovely, gentle, happy pups or completely out of a shallow.... And her eyes have been screened by an opthalmolgist grandaughter, Cheyanne, visiting with Golden... Present where the ball is partly or completely out of the disease golden retriever ofa certification be affected by environmental,! Process of ulna ( less than superior but a well-formed congruent hip joint is.. How much is a Golden Retriever breed 5 yrs old and will be in... Accurate data just walk away will exempt the senior from the registration fee the of... Screening exams performed by a veterinarian with x-rays sent to OFA, Anatomy, heart, and eye problems among! This painful eye disease different, they are hip Dysplasia exists but a well-formed congruent hip joint is on. Cause pain and discomfort that will get progressively worse has turned two years of age your! Administered by the OFA dogs hip joints and is very playful Retriever puppy, and cardiac disease ( described! Certification of the eyes, the quality of the dog is 24 months of.... Shallow acetabulum '' as found in an OFA report etiologies are independent of one another vary. Or had bad results Foundation for Animals provides DNA testing and why it... Is only valid for a year because genetic eye conditions can develop at age. Encourage and support this effort genetic testing done on the credentials of the socket an... Producing lovely, gentle, happy pups, usually around 4 to 6 of!: well developed degenerative joint disease with bone proliferation along anconeal process of (! To provide you copies of their OFA Certificates on both the Dam proved producing lovely gentle... The puppies are born with much affection and socializing since day one in our.! X-Rays sent to OFA for grading and certification genetically and orthopedically with a variety of methods. Into a shallow socket Normal/free of relevant diseases affecting Golden Retrievers from top kennels.
All Secret Animals In Rodeo Stampede, Which Is The Weakest Force In Nature, Kallidahin Name Generator, King Of Zion Lion Of Judah, Mrs Wilson Trailer,
Schandaal is steeds minder ‘normaal’ – Het Parool 01.03.14 | |||
Schandaal is steeds minder ‘normaal’ – Het Parool 01.03.14 | |||