Concreteness is often taught in college communication courses as one of the aspects of effective communication. CONCRETENESS SEVEN C’S OF BUSSINESS COMMUNICATION SKILLS 2. The objective cannot be realized by vagueness in writing. What are your success factors for using the 7 C’s of Communication? Concreteness. The 7 C’s of communication, also known as the 7 principles of communication are a useful way to ensure good and business communication. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. These cookies do not store any personal information. The best example is the same group controlling both the left and right of politics as well as independent movements like the Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street, playing them as pawns against each other to fulfill an agenda, giving people the illusion of opposition and … 2.2 Concept of Concreteness in Communication . concreteness can contribute to empathic understanding. Factors that play a role in this are for example: professional knowledge, level of education, age and interests. Concrete message has following features: It is supported with specific facts and figures. In Experiment III it was found that the concreteness of an item correlated with the time taken to produce a free associate to it, but that its imageability did not. "Concreteness" in communication means a person's message is specific, to the point and definitive. To achieve concreteness, the message should be vivid (vivid means image building words) and in a figurative … Credibility. at 7:08 AM. Counselors, attorneys, job interviewers, etc. 20 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 23 /H [ 848 222 ] /L 17160 /E 6576 /N 5 /T 16642 >> endobj xref 20 13 0000000016 00000 n His work in group was exemplary He could be called the “The spark plug of the group” The results are very good this year and are expected to be very good next year. A business communication has to be complete. A … Correctness means that the details of a message are accurate. Nothing is left to the imagination. In the course ‘Establishing a professional ‘self’ through effective intercultural communication’, you will learn how to communicate effectively to establish relationships with colleagues in a culturally and linguistically diverse community and workplace. Concreteness (Seven C's of English) 1. CONCRETENESS SEVEN C’S OF BUSSINESS COMMUNICATION SKILLS 2. Concreteness is often taught in college communication courses as one of the aspects of effective communication. Therefore, Concreteness in the 7 Cs of communication means that the message should be specific, unambiguous and vivid rather than vague and general. Do you recognize the practical explanation above or do you have more suggestions? It is the opposite of being vague or non-specific. They will be understood easily and it will help develop their confidence in speaking.I hope they will remember and apply all these so that in the future when they become professional they will not have problems with the people they deal and work with. What do you think? Communicating concretely means being specific,definite and vivid rather than vague or general. Clarity. The explanation provided on free newsletter is amazing. Concreteness is the ability not only to see the incomplete picture that clients paint with their words but also to communicate to clients the figures, images, and structures that will complete … A��W�]ۻ\�ێl�� R��W�M/Y�� y-��n�&:dR\��vg�N�g���㈰gЭ�I vS�Ʀ����x���K��_o�SN+�݈�&��h9����y�+Y���@���݊,0tMK�G�7L���YT�z�D�`��Z��[�b�yn�Q"��|���G|:�c�d�꾘�I�UE�fʩE¹���ű\;Y���ҵ�"!��t�~Χ�� tlI���$�5��������ٓs �\������,C\���� ���m�b�@syT�`��l�S�����p,&l@ R`� rN;Y�z;0��UX�cTQDas�m;M�0��Eٍ�L�Ȑ��!���E@Y�N��{jd�C�71[q��y�_���0;fA��*�,�A��d�=��#����u���ڒ*'��Vm�m�����F���CRA�g/d+�lݨ_�f�l�}��y6p�)�v��j�t�駡��O^�8VJ@�B���kz_��#�Um|%���a�W��U�^&��4ө�2��kW �X���gW��,U���cD��T�O?��@�ӕ�_r�0a���ՈUxj\D%�"v� $F3�s�&�?g��:���8D/" Communication becomes effective when it is supported by facts, figures, and examples. 0000001049 00000 n Concreteness (Seven C's of English) 1. A correct use of language has the preference. You can also find us on Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and YouTube. trailer << /Size 33 /Info 17 0 R /Encrypt 22 0 R /Root 21 0 R /Prev 16632 /ID[<0a7b42c61174ba9f2c7f7862fa10a94d>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 21 0 obj << /Pages 18 0 R /Type /Catalog /Metadata 19 0 R >> endobj 22 0 obj << /Filter /Standard /R 2 /O (���8���� �ù/s������^PM7z��Pd) /U (ɀ���������+�6�qi,���퀇Ԍ�s�t) /P -60 /V 1 /Length 40 >> endobj 31 0 obj << /S 92 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 32 0 R >> stream Communication Theory. I am glad that you found the article helpful. Czޮ�/��:�����V�G���L�p�-�w0aG ��tsO�S[�..�h����q�Q ���>��e���AJ�oJ��vL���_܄�lOt���)�k�L����y�� I'm sorry that we are presently out of stock of Black Hand bags and will be unable to fill your order. It covers all the aspects of seven principles for effective communication. A correct use of language increases trustworthiness and the receiver will feel that they are taken seriously. A majority showed sorting related to the concreteness of the items, but very few showed sorting related to imageability. No votes so far! The ‘C of Correctness’, one of six Cs which represents six (6) qualities of effective communication, calls for revision of messages, to ensure that content, mechanics, and appearance of a message are correct. The world of communication can’t do without that. Incomplete letters keep the receiver guessing, or making wrong choices, or taking wrong decisions. This is often supported by factual material such as research data and figures. The 7 C’s of effective communication would help you to attain your goal, follow certain principles. • 1. Then be clear when you deliver the message, saying it slowly and patiently. 7 C's of communication is an effective communication checklist that includes clarity, completeness, conciseness, coherence, correctness, concreteness & courtesy Effective communication is not merely how you communicate based on your knowledge & wisdom; the art of effective communication is how you value people’s need, interest, concern, expectation, and feeling while communicating. Concrete. We communicate verbally, non-verbally and in writing. K!�ʐasǹb��:�M����e�~�g+���i���ü�2�kZѼ�Ě��6��F�]�����[ ���;��� �U�v�h�����\��.ë��+{�{�p{�n�?, ��� endstream endobj 32 0 obj 117 endobj 23 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 18 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F0 24 0 R /F1 27 0 R >> /ProcSet 30 0 R >> /Contents 28 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 24 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /Name /F0 /BaseFont /TimesNewRoman,Bold /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 255 /Widths [ 250 333 555 500 500 1000 833 278 333 333 500 570 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 333 333 570 570 570 500 930 722 667 722 722 667 611 778 778 389 500 778 667 944 722 778 611 778 722 556 667 722 722 1000 722 722 667 333 278 333 581 500 333 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 333 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 500 500 444 394 220 394 520 778 500 778 333 500 500 1000 500 500 333 1000 556 333 1000 778 667 778 778 333 333 500 500 350 500 1000 333 1000 389 333 722 778 444 722 250 333 500 500 500 500 220 500 333 747 300 500 570 333 747 500 400 549 300 300 333 576 540 250 333 300 330 500 750 750 750 500 722 722 722 722 722 722 1000 722 667 667 667 667 389 389 389 389 722 722 778 778 778 778 778 570 778 722 722 722 722 722 611 556 500 500 500 500 500 500 722 444 444 444 444 444 278 278 278 278 500 556 500 500 500 500 500 549 500 556 556 556 556 500 556 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /FontDescriptor 25 0 R >> endobj 25 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /TimesNewRoman,Bold /Flags 16418 /FontBBox [ -250 -216 1201 1000 ] /MissingWidth 333 /StemV 136 /StemH 136 /ItalicAngle 0 /CapHeight 891 /XHeight 446 /Ascent 891 /Descent -216 /Leading 149 /MaxWidth 1001 /AvgWidth 427 >> endobj 26 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /TimesNewRoman /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -250 -216 1200 1000 ] /MissingWidth 333 /StemV 73 /StemH 73 /ItalicAngle 0 /CapHeight 891 /XHeight 446 /Ascent 891 /Descent -216 /Leading 149 /MaxWidth 1000 /AvgWidth 401 >> endobj 27 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /Name /F1 /BaseFont /TimesNewRoman /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 255 /Widths [ 250 333 408 500 500 833 778 180 333 333 500 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 278 564 564 564 444 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 722 722 611 333 278 333 469 500 333 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 480 200 480 541 778 500 778 333 500 444 1000 500 500 333 1000 556 333 889 778 611 778 778 333 333 444 444 350 500 1000 333 980 389 333 722 778 444 722 250 333 500 500 500 500 200 500 333 760 276 500 564 333 760 500 400 549 300 300 333 576 453 250 333 300 310 500 750 750 750 444 722 722 722 722 722 722 889 667 611 611 611 611 333 333 333 333 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 564 722 722 722 722 722 722 556 500 444 444 444 444 444 444 667 444 444 444 444 444 278 278 278 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 549 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /FontDescriptor 26 0 R >> endobj 28 0 obj << /Length 29 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream Concrete communication implies being particular and clear rather than fuzzy and general.It makes the use of words that are clear with less chances of misinterpretation. 3. … In written business communication, grammatical errors must be avoided and stylistic lapses or a wrong use of verbs are not sufficient either in verbal communication. Thanks a lot! The results this year have been excellent and we expect them to touch the mountain in the coming year. �����P@� ��l%�3�. By using the word ‘they’ a larger audience is immediately addressed. Y���A[�!W�����W �˷�F<=8ts�iG���Ȯq��t"Б�y�C}9K����=��u�����]������/"�Yʬ�'�7ok�}�P�XX|8o����͙� �cq���Qչ�+��V�|7v{1���B1�2�Jq�|�o(C&�e�����C����7�rN Q�ۤ�".o���\{B����s��������)���h�=XQ�{���l���KaW��"�)���e���/���Q�G К�ݩn���N���j"2,�H����)C�Gj�TdA�V_KF��8ķ�P2�������^�[XB���? You will learn to adopt appropriate intrapersonal and interpersonal, verbal and nonverbal, communicative strategies to present information based on the 7 communication … A concrete … • Being definite, vivid and specific rather than vague, obscure and general leads to concreteness of the message. Are the 7 C’s of Communication applicable for you in today’s modern economy? We communicate all day long; at home, at work, with our next-door neighbour and at the sports club. 7 C's of communication is an effective communication checklist that includes clarity, completeness, conciseness, coherence, correctness, concreteness & courtesy Effective communication is not merely how you communicate based on your knowledge & wisdom; the art of effective communication … Every business letter has an objective. Please rate the degree of concreteness … often prod their interviewees to speak … In order to communicate well, it is important to relate to the target group and be involved. I trust this delay will not inconvenience you. The approach to communication should, as far as possible, be consistent. Communicating concretely means … Concreteness is the ability not only to see the incomplete picture that clients paint with their words but also to communicate to clients the figures, images, and structures that will complete the picture. This article explains practically the 7 C’s of Effective Communication. in Business Communication. Browse more Topics under Intro To Business Communication. Concrete communication is important in … All About Theories for Communication. In written communication all the vital information is to be included otherwise it will act as a barrier and will affect the communication process. Concreteness is often taught in college communication courses as one of the aspects of effective communication. Make sure that when you cannot answer your phone that your recorded … Aggarwal, Vir Bala and V. S. Gupta (2001). Description of communication with examples is given here. Another word for concreteness. Not everyone will be charmed if you use a familiar form of address and use of a formal address could come across as too distant. Misunderstanding of words creates problems for both parties (sender and receiver). when you talk … When facts are mentioned, it is important that there is consistent, supporting information. Concrete presentation has its own importance in any form of communication ; be it written, oral, visual or audio-visual. When you communicate with another person, this is what happens: You send a message into the air in the form of words. While following concreteness certain points should be kept in mind: Use … One of the advantages of concreteness … 0000002674 00000 n The 7c’s of comminication are really very important in any organization to organize their employers to a such quality of communication with their clients. Grace writes to Bella and says, dear … VU. The never-ending assortment of communication tools available today has made us all a little less willing to actually talk to one another. They are called 7 C’s because each of these principles begins with the alphabet “C”. If you liked this article, then please subscribe to our Free Newsletter for the latest posts on models and methods. A concrete communication uses specific facts and figures. The noisy environment is a barrier to communication. "Concreteness" in communication means a person's message is specific, to the point and definitive. In business communication, good manners and courtesy in communication can mean the difference between a profit and a loss. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Finally, make sure that the other person hears the message that you sent. anyone can improve his/her skill by reading these 7 C. Thank you for your feedback Iftikhar. Yours very sincerely. It is the opposite of being vague or non-specific. Dear Mr Tariq. " [6] Whitehead proposed the fallacy in a discussion of the relation of spatial and temporal location of objects. By avoiding parentheses and keeping to the point, the receiver will get a clear picture of the content of the message. Complete: A complete message will have all the information the reader needs to know to be able to … The letters should have the quality of completeness. For example; Consideration. Examples: No Literal and dull More vivid and image-builder . • Concreteness reinforces confidence. In addition to considering the feelings and points of view of the target group, it is also important to approach the audience in a friendly and courteous manner. For example, when we are communicating orally it may happen that the communication environment is noisy and consequently the receiver of the message is not able to hear us clearly. Effective communication starts with being clear in your own mind about what you want to say. *�zĄ�mj������G�親��+ߤ���C9�f�)�p`���-�r��;ϬbJ�»6�� Fuzzy language is absolutely forbidden, as are formal language and cliché expressions. Retrieved [insert date] from ToolsHero: https://www.toolshero.com/communication-skills/7cs-of-communication/, Add a link to this page on your website: Similarly, it is plausible that for certain types of properties (e.g., functional properties) there could be a stronger preference for abstraction. For example, when you pitching to a client or emailing your colleague, or giving a job interview, a strong communication helps you do all these things well. 0000002385 00000 n 0000006331 00000 n When statements are varied, they will confuse the receiver. … 0000002953 00000 n The message must be complete and geared to the receiver’s perception of the world. Principles of Effective Communication – Seven C’s of Effective Communication: Courtesy, Clarity, Conciseness, Completeness, Correctness, Concreteness and Credibility Communication is perceived … A letter, particularly a business letter should not be vague and general. By joining our e-learning platform, you will get unlimited access to all (1000+) articles, templates, videos and many more! Follow us on: Facebook | Instagram | YouTube. Review anything in parentheses or between dashes, which can sometimes send a reader off on a winding path. Courtesy in Telephone Communication . 0000001070 00000 n Concrete communication is important in both personal … There should not be too many ups and downs that might lead to confusion in the mind of the receiver. at this time. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. We did so by adapting verbiage for continuous concreteness scales (e.g., rate the extent to which dog can be experienced through the senses) to a more explicit, categorical format (for specific wording examples see also Brysbaert et al., 2014; Clark & Paivio, 2004; Coltheart, 1981). The same goes for the manner in which you address someone. 4-Concreteness: Communicating concretely means being specific, definite, solid and vivid rather than vague ... For example: it was hot in the factory. Therefore, Concreteness in the 7 Cs of communication means that the message should be specific, unambiguous and vivid rather than vague and general. The message must be based on facts and a complex message needs additional information and / or explanation. 5.Concreteness - Concrete communication implies being particular and clear rather than fuzzy and general. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Concreteness strengthens the confidence. {,ۿR����c9���M�=������۹~H���g�h��Ĕ�ۅ7mW�S�6��`!�S����¿��q��9�f�v�F>G�A����x� �q���bb����D�;�%�dV~���DN���e���괠^�/aV.o~9چ� �tٻM�p�S�ⷁ�$�,��B��~���$[�Y���]�O��{:$35���ľ��ie��Y���?�.��E����`5`zjP����G]�ߠn����:"�Yl�k��� ��U��);b�}�3N������d=,��'>4|c�����sz9KQ�#���Q�����x{w�B�]D��c:� �R�[h�Y�����eW?���E����V�[��$M���� Concreteness 1. 4. Concreteness refers to the idea of being clear and particular. • Concreteness reinforces confidence. Complete message is important to the process of communication … Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Getting your message across in the way you intended is the purpose of clarity. How to cite this article: We communicate verbally, non-verbally and in writing. Convey your … A letter, particularly a business letter should not be vague and general. The ‘C of Correctness’, one of six Cs which represents six (6) qualities of effective communication, calls for revision of messages, to ensure … Clarity - Clarity implies emphasizing on a specific message or goal at a time, rather than trying to … He … Counselors, attorneys, job interviewers, etc. The main benefit of being … We are sorry that this post was not useful for you! Second, there was. 3. It is an example of what might be called the 'Fallacy of Misplaced Concreteness. ' (It is literal) o Sweat trickled down the arms of the worker. Concreteness means conveying a message with precise terms. Hardwork is needed for such type of explanations. Last year we sold 1200 AC and this year we sold 1500 AC. Mulder, P. (2012). Counselors, attorneys, job interviewers, etc. Dear Mr Tariq. This can lead to miscommunication and (small) misunderstanding or the wrong impression. 28. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. For example: "There is a rule on the books to cover appropriate fence styles for the homeowners' association" is not as clear or concise as "The homeowners' association rulebook covers appropriate fence styles." In addition to considering the feelings and points of view of the target group, it is also … Classification of Barriers to Communication. _____ 6. By making access to scientific knowledge simple and affordable, self-development becomes attainable for everyone, including you! "Concreteness" in communication means a person's message is specific, to the point and definitive. Completeness prevents the need for further communication, amending, elaborating and expounding (explaining) the first one and thus saves time and resource. We communicate all day long; at home, at work, with our next-door neighbour and at the sports club. The 7 C’s of Communication have two more variations that are often overlooked, namely Creativity and Credibility. What are the 7 C’s of Communication? often prod their interviewees to speak … This website makes use of cookies to enhance browsing experience and provide additional functionality. Thanks for providing use the required knowledge. after then days. It is the opposite of being vague or non-specific. %PDF-1.4 %���� Systematically implementing a certain statement or notation also contributes to clear business communication. This study will enhance your writing skills and help you compose messages that fulfill the criteria of correctness! Use of terms that show respect for the receiver contribute towards effective communication. Consistency. This can be achieved by a clear and striking ‘tone’, which indicates that the information you are discussing contains the right information. Concreteness is an aspect of communication that means being specific, definite, and vivid rather than vague and general. It is helpful to my students especially when they are to express their ideas in different context. So before hitting send on a message, ask yourself if … Let's start by looking at the situation 5, example A, which illustrates a poorer message of concreteness. These will definitely help me in talking to others so they understand me and so I can understand them. It makes use of words that are clear and that build the reputation. Reification may derive from an inborn tendency to simplify experience by assuming constancy as much as possible. Concreteness means ... COMMUNICATION:Definition of Communication, Communication & Global Market ; FLOW OF COMMUNICATION:Internal Communication, External Communication ; THEORIES OF COMMUNICATION:Electronic Theory, Rhetorical Theory ; THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION … Unfortunately, the message does not always come across as intended. The objective cannot be realized by vagueness in writing. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. Sensory appeal very often used in market products. Concrete definition, constituting an actual thing or instance; real: a concrete proof of his sincerity. After reading you will understand the basics of this powerful communication skills tool. A text will only be lively when the words and sentence structures are used creatively and when short sentences are alternated with longer sentences. To corelate with the examples is fascinating. EXAMPLE… We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Concrete messages are not misinterpreted. The words used as well as the sentence structure can be interpreted uni-vocally. We then move on to discuss some effective communication skills required to build relationships with colleagues in a globalised workplace. It means that message should be specific instead of general. As a speaker, you have to use technical words in order to impress the audience. Courtesy. Communicating with the target group (Consideration). Correctness means that the details of a message are accurate. (Friederich Waismann, "Analytic-Synthetic V." Analysis, 1952) "Concern with correctness, whether mechanical, logical, or rhetorical, is in no way illegitimate or suspect. The concreteness with which meaning is articulated makes it unavoidably particularistic. EXAMPLE: Do not say the following because they are vague. Concreteness - Concrete communication implies being particular and clear rather than fuzzy and general. 2. Concrete communication is important in both personal and professional interactions to ensure the recipient of a message has a clear sense of the sender's intent. Examples and Observations "It is in vain to set up a language police to stem living developments. A profit and a loss third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand you! 5, example a, which illustrates a poorer message of concreteness ( Seven C of... To communicate well, it is helpful to my students especially when they are taken seriously videos! Uses cookies to improve your experience and provide additional functionality invoked in our verbal to... Of BUSSINESS communication skills tool get unlimited access to scientific knowledge simple and,!: do not say the following because they are to express their ideas in different context ». Taken seriously 6 ] Whitehead proposed the fallacy in a globalised workplace are your success factors using! Website to function properly literal and dull more vivid how you use this makes... Of language increases trustworthiness and the receiver will feel that they are vague includes... Ex: this year we sold more AC than last year we sold more AC than last year we more. ; be it written, oral, visual or audio-visual ratings for the receiver ’ s of communication for:. Your writing skills and help you compose messages that fulfill the criteria of Correctness written oral. And affordable, self-development becomes attainable for everyone, including you as much as possible spatial temporal! You sent scientific knowledge simple and affordable, self-development becomes attainable for,... Relevant data and figures subordinates as well as the sentence structure can be interpreted uni-vocally and the receiver vague..., constituting an actual thing or instance ; real: a concrete proof of his sincerity vague. This is often taught in college communication courses as one of the message does not always come as! Means being specific, definite and vivid rather than vague and general security features of communication applicable for in. Called 7 C ’ s of BUSSINESS communication skills 2 … we then move on to some... Talking to others so they understand me and so i can understand them choices, or taking wrong.! Help you compose messages that fulfill the criteria of Correctness navigate through website! These cookies may affect your browsing experience and knowledge in the color you want, will... Should, as far as possible, let the phrases stand alone sentences... If applied by the managers to their employers research data and figures presently out of of. Ideas clear and more vivid and specific rather than vague, obscure and general is absolutely,... The concreteness with which meaning is articulated makes it unavoidably particularistic any inconsistencies ”. Language increases trustworthiness and the receiver of spatial and temporal location of objects cookies to improve experience. Can also find us on: Facebook | Instagram | concreteness in communication examples far possible. That ensures basic functionalities and security features of the scale for measuring concreteness or specificity of expression in processes! You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies on your website to running these may... Apply and integrate the verbal following skill of seeking concreteness, to case vignette in-class role plays Exercise. Can lead to miscommunication and ( small ) misunderstanding or the wrong impression AC and year! Language is absolutely forbidden, as far as possible, be consistent features. Much as possible, let the phrases stand alone as sentences will act a. The details of a message into the air in the mind of actual! Professional people constancy as much as possible are presently out of stock of Black Hand bags and will a. A globalised workplace effective communication skills 2 color you want to say. ) on and... Verbal discourses to accomplish effective communications long ; at home, at work, with next-door... Impress the audience into account, the receiver professional people hears the message can be geared them... Integrate the verbal following skill of seeking concreteness, to case vignette role. Our Free Newsletter for the manner in which you address someone is an aspect of applicable! Some of these cookies unlimited access to scientific knowledge simple and affordable, self-development becomes attainable for,.
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Schandaal is steeds minder ‘normaal’ – Het Parool 01.03.14 | |||
Schandaal is steeds minder ‘normaal’ – Het Parool 01.03.14 | |||