c. judicial review a. to create an effective national leader directly tied to the citizens In 2020, for example, the average Senate incumbent raised $28,649,593, whereas the average challenger raised only $5,264,022.18 This is one of the many reasons incumbents win a large majority of congressional races each electoral cycle. d. Members of Congress forgot to pass the budget. What form of legislature resulted from the compromises that occurred during the 1787 constitutional convention? Lawmaking The primary function of Congress is to pass rules that all Americans must obey, a function called lawmaking. c. Creation of majority-minority districts was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. House Judiciary Committee A House member must be a U.S. citizen of at least seven years standing and at least twenty-five years old. While they cannot give money directly to a candidate or a candidates party, they can raise and spend unlimited funds, and they can spend independently of a campaign or party. Anton Company manufactures wooden magazine stands. e. name recognition and access to district taxes, A congressional representative tries to mirror perfectly the views of his or her constituents, according to the __________. Congress exercises this power largely through its congressional committee system. d. opinions a. d. attachment In the 2011-2012 election cycle, how much money did the average winning House candidate spend? c. federal A group of members of Congress sharing some interest or characteristic. Congress can override the veto to make a bill a law. Ring-shaped islands that are made up of coral attached to submerged volcanoes are ________. As this advice reveals, raising money for reelection constitutes a large proportion of the work a congressperson does. They are highly regulated in regard to the amount of money they can take in and spend, but super PACs arent bound by these regulations. \text{ Direct labor: } & \text{ Direct material: } \\ c. judicial review The Constitutional Convention decided on what form of legislature? Parties have become much more significant in Congress in recent years due to which of the following? c. executive order a. Why does omnibus legislation require alternatives to the committee system? the government's system of checks and balances. a. majority leader $$, Define the following term in a short sentence. e. trustee model of representation, Which one of the powers listed below is a constitutional power that the president shares with the Senate? e. certiorari, When a case is granted review in an appellate court, the parties submit written __________ presenting their arguments. helping individual members of their constituency What is hyperpartisanship? Such PACs tended to be run by businesses and other groups, like the Teamsters Union and the National Rifle Association, to support their special interests. b. What are some factors that account for the incumbency advantage? It is more descriptively representative of African Americans than the House. Casework Assistance Typically, casework involves individuals, groups with a common concern, or small businesses, and can include a problem, grievance, question of eligibility, need, or other tangible interest or benefit to these groups. What is an example of congressional casework? Activities of members of Congress that help constituents as individuals; cutting through bureaucratic red tape to get people what they think they have the right to get. b. b. Senate Nominations Committee d. receiving foreign ambassadors c. a formal, public agreement between the United States and one or more nations that must be consent of Rice University. Information for Congressional Offices Constituents often write to their congressional representatives when experiencing difficulties navigating the Federal bureaucracy. a. How might a member of the U.S. Senate signal to leadership that he or she may have objections to a bill? d. Senate Banking Committee, Over the past three decades, the distance between the political parties in Congress has been growing steadily. Which type of committee is composed of members from both houses of Congress? {x+3yz=0x2y+z=8x6y+2z=6\left\{\begin{array}{l}x+3 y-z=0 \\ x-2 y+z=8 \\ x-6 y+2 z=6\end{array}\right. d. Steering, Party leaders from the two chambers of Congress sometimes use _______ legislation that addresses numerous and perhaps unrelated issues to create winning coalitions and force members to The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Samantha deposits $1,500 into the Park Street Bank. a. arbitration Consider, for example, the role of the Iraq War in bringing about a Democratic rout of the Republicans in the House in 2006 and in the Senate in 2008. If the market is not good, he will sell only 300 at $90\$ 90$90 each. Also, unlike members of the House who can seek the narrower interests of their district, senators must maintain a broader appeal in order to earn a majority of the votes across their entire state. U.S. Department of LaborOffice of Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs200 Constitution Ave NWRoom S-2220Washington, DC 20210202-693-4600Fax: 202-693-4642. d. seniority within the committee regardless party affiliation A filibuster can be ended through __________; it requires the approval of __________ senators. The following is a set of data from a sample of n=5: 7-5-879 The ability of members of Congress to send noncampaign material to their constituents free of charge. An institution unique to the House of Representatives that review all bills (except revenue, budget, and appropriations bills) coming from a House committee before they go to the full house. contributions from interest group members. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like __________ is a good example of Congressional casework., In which event was there congressional oversight?, In the House of Representatives, who is second in authority to the Speaker of the House? $1.6 million e. replacing Cabinet heads, What is an executive order? majority party is the __________. | Direct labor: | Congressional committees appointed for a specific purpose, such as the Watergate investigation. In 1960, political scientist Angus Campbell proposed the surge-and-decline theory to explain these patterns.22 Campbell noticed that since the Civil War, with the exception of 1934, the presidents party has consistently lost seats in Congress during the midterm elections. A traditional PAC is an organization designed to raise hard money to elect or defeat candidates. c. oversight McCain-Feingold placed limits on total contributions to political parties, prohibited coordination between candidates and PAC campaigns, and required candidates to include personal endorsements on their political ads. The advantage in financing is a huge part of this effect, but it is not the only important part. At the start of 2014, House majority whip Eric Cantor, a representative from Virginia, was at the top of his game. Why might a special-interest group work hard to get a rider attached to a bill? __________ is the process of allotting congressional seats to each state according to its proportion of the population. b. colloquium \text{ Quantity, .25 hour } & \text{ Quantity, 4 kilograms } \\ After printing the report, his computers hard drive crashed, effectively destroying most of the actual results for the month. c. Supreme Court c. standing Congressional Quarterly U.S. Senate U.S. House Agency About HUD Secretary of HUD Program Offices No Fear Act Press Room Office of Inspector General Resources Resources A-Z Index Customer Experience FOIA PDF Reader Agency About HUD Secretary of HUD Program Offices No Fear Act Press Room Office of Inspector General Resources Resources A-Z Index "fire alarm" oversight In contrast, members of the Senate are furthest from the demands and scrutiny of their constituents. e. Temporal, What best explains the overwhelming advantage incumbents possess in seeking reelection over opposition candidates? The importance of airing positive constituent casework during campaigns is a testament to the accuracy of saying, All politics is local. This phrase, attributed to former Speaker of the House Tip ONeill (D-MA), essentially means that the most important motivations directing voters are rooted in local concerns. Anyone can draft a bill, but only a member of the House of Representatives or the Senate can formally submit a bill for consideration. c. The president can fire the White House staff but only Congress can dismiss a member of the c. deferential e. judicial privilege, When the U.S. Supreme Court agrees to hear a case appealed to it from a circuit court, it is exercising its __________ jurisdiction. - monitor the executive branch for abuses of power - ensure proper implementation of laws - enhance member reelection chances - approve executive branch appointments and treaties A newly elected member of Congress is attending her first party conference (or party caucus). c. population; two Assume that cigarettes cost $5.50\$ 5.50$5.50 per pack and consider a 202020-year-old college student smoker who smokes 161616 packs of cigarettes per month. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Which task is an example of casework quizlet? Which of the following is an example of casework by a member of Congress? In a congressional office, the term casework refers to the response or services that Members of Congress provide to constituents who request assistance. Dozens of major initiatives were passed by the House and had a willing president, for example, only to be defeated in the Senate. Impeach and try federal officers. a. Senators are required to have nine years standing as citizens and be at least thirty years old when sworn in. In a lot of cases, constituents don't know how to get help if they have an issue relating to federal government services or a problem with federal programs. Congressional committees are areas of __________ that allow members to develop the expertise to handle complex issues. Nevertheless, the pattern of midterm elections benefiting the presidents opposition has persisted.23 Only in exceptional years has this pattern been broken: first in 1998 during President Bill Clintons second term and the Monica Lewinsky scandal, when exit polls indicated most voters opposed the idea of impeaching the president, and then again in 2002, following the 9/11 terrorist attacks and the ensuing declaration of a war on terror.. c. demonstrated ability to lead and public record of votes a. apportionment The structural and other differences between the House and Senate have practical consequences for the way the two chambers function. 21 Incumbent members of Congress have paid staff, influence, and access to specialized information that can help their constituents in ways and you must attribute OpenStax. e. coram nobis, The authority to be the first court to hear a case is which type of jurisdiction? "police patrol" oversight Office of Administration a. aggressively and unyieldingly c. majority Which of the following statements about congressional oversight are accurate? Good senators and representatives understand this and will seek to use their influence and power in office to affect these issues for the better. The purpose of this law was to limit the use of soft money, which is raised for purposes like party-building efforts, get-out-the-vote efforts, and issue-advocacy ads. For nearly the first hundred years of the republic, there were no federal campaign finance laws. Both chambers in Congress are responsible for all of the following EXCEPT _____. c. lobbying Members of the House are apportioned to states based on _________. A storage tank acquired at the beginning of the fiscal year at a cost of $240,000 has an estimated residual value of$30,000 and an estimated useful life of 25 years. After the census, the United States goes through the __________ process, in which congressional seats are allotted to each state according to its proportion of the population. | Usage | 3 square feet per stand | Individual members of Congress rate slightly higher than Congress as a whole, but approval ratings are at an all-time low. \text{Accounts Payable}&\text{}&\text{\$\hspace{11pt}6,500}\\ d. incumbency. What was the actual purchase price per square foot of wood? | Fixed overhead (allocated based on direct labor hours): | | Which of the following statements regarding the legislative process is true? Vote for what the people they represent want. Many potential challengers never run because of the size of the incumbent's campaign funds. c. decentralized c. While members of Congress have not become more extreme, ordinary citizens have. Creative Commons Attribution License \textbf{August 31, 2014} (according to the data table). d. impeachment 7 How does casework help members of Congress? b. appellate d. Senate members tend to be poorer than their House counterparts. approved by two-third of the Senate c. The government shut down in order to save money. The Citizens United case began as a lawsuit against the FEC filed by Citizens United, a nonprofit organization that wanted to advertise a documentary critical of former senator and Democratic hopeful Hillary Clinton on the eve of the 2008 Democratic primaries. a. appellate assistance to a constituent in obtaining a Social Security check A newly elected member of Congress is attending her first party conference (or party caucus). Which the following are true about norms in Congress? Modern political campaigns in the United States are expensive, and they have been growing more so. All things being equal, voters are far more likely to select the name of the person they recall seeing on television and hearing on the radio for the last few years than the name of a person they hardly know. Earmarks are funds provided by the Congress for specific projects or programs in such a manner that the allocation (a) circumvents a merit-based or competitive allocation process; (b) applies to a very limited number of individuals or entities; or (c) otherwise curtails the ability of the Executive Branch to independently manage the agency budget. At the same time, several limits on campaign contributions have been upheld by the courts and remain in place. d. politico model of representation e. six, A writ of __________ is a request submitted to the U.S. Supreme Court to review a lower court decision. (credit: "Steve Scalise 116th Congress official photo" by US House Office of Photography/Wikimedia Commons, Public Domain). - removal of executive officers from office. e. twenty-year, What is the name given to the power of the courts to interpret, and overturn, the actions of the executive and legislative branches? Anyone can draft a bill, but only a member of the House of Representatives or the Senate can formally submit a bill for consideration. Which statement about incumbency is most accurate? e. dissenting, A(n) __________ brief is submitted by someone who is not a party to the case. The term "casework" refers to assistance provided by members of Congress to constituents who need help while filing a grievance with the federal government or a federal agency. And the South isnt alone; areas in the Northeast and the Northwest have grown increasingly Democratic. \end{array} In the House, the percentage of incumbents winning reelection has hovered between 85 and 100 percent for the last half century. d. florid __________is the only formal method for ending a filibuster, and requires the approval of __________ senators. common carriers. b. conference A strategy unique to the Senate whereby opponents of a piece of legislation try to talk it to death, based on the tradition of unlimited debate. a. James Polk a. additional financial support from constituent taxes How does casework help members of Congress? OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. Representatives serve two-year terms, whereas senators serve six-year terms. As the parties have pulled apart ideologically, they also have become more _________ internally. e. The White House staff has more specialized policy knowledge than the Cabinet. Congress has never removed a president from office. \text{Cash}&\text{\$\hspace{8pt}24,600 }&\text{}\\ General Law Division. d. is trusted to consult the proper committees in deciding how to vote on an issue c. Both Republicans and Democrats have become more moderate. Thus, the House can be highly partisan at times. b. constitutional ). Another reason incumbents wield a great advantage over their challengers is the state power they have at their disposal.20 One of the many responsibilities of a sitting congressperson is constituent casework. \end{array} a. e. Ways and Means Committee, Bicameralism conformed to the framers' belief that the legislative branchthe center of policymaking for governmentought to be a place where the public's business is deliberated __________. \textbf{DEATH VALLEY RESORT}\\ b. majority leader c. committee Voters in large numbers were motivated by the political and economic disaster of the war to vote for politicians they believed would end it (Figure 11.10). An artist has captured the experience in a drawing and is hoping to reproduce it and sell framed copies to current and former residents. By the end of this section, you will be able to: The House and Senate operate very differently, partly because their members differ in the length of their terms, as well as in their age and other characteristics. Office of Management and Budget Modern presidents are considerably less democratic than the Framers originally intended. Unlimited debate in the Senate to prevent a vote is known as _____. Related Links. ), The mortgage interest rate is 6% per year. On May 12, Senger paid Burris$650 for costs incurred by Burris to repair defective merchandise. d. Speaker increased; changing regional bases in the Republican and Democratic parties. c. impassively and impartially The United States became a world power. An accountant for Anton just completed the variance report for the current month. b. complex \text{Unearned Rent Revenue}&\text{}&\text{\hspace{16pt}6,800}\\ The issues include the very meaning of intelligence, its measurement, individual extremes of intelligence, and finally, the heredity/environment question. a. original 4 Which of the following is example of congressional Casework? introduction, committee referral, subcommittee, full committee report, rules committee, full House vote, conference committee, send to president. They made the president directly elected by the people. a. b. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In which event was there congressional oversight? Members of Congress use the media to help focus attention on problems when holding hearings. b. additional financial support from the federal government campaign fund Since the 1970s, partisanship has steadily __________ in Congress, due in part to __________. Most are composed of members from both parties and from both houses. (a) Journalize the adjusting entries on August 31 for the 3-month period June 1August 31. c. Senators are better educated than their House counterparts. Place the following Congressional groups in order from most liberal to most conservative. Label the following behaviors by members of Congress as either an example of a distributive or informational theory of committees. c. $200 million But more important is the way the party system itself privileges incumbents. b. chief diplomat d. Speaker of the House But the McCain-Feingold bill greatly limited this type of fundraising. Political scientists have taken note of some voting patterns that appear to challenge this common assumption, however. c. five e. to work independently of the executive on national security, Which organization or position examines the budgetary implications of any proposed bill that will be sent to Congress? Two senators are elected by each state. b. follows a strict interpretation of the Constitution c. Speaker of the House How might a bill become law if it has been pocket vetoed? $71.8312.44\$71.83 \times 12.44 The purpose of social case work is to help an individual client to solve his psycho social problems in such a way so that he find himself capable of dealings with these problems at present and also may solve in future if such problems arise. c. Show that if the contract is fairly priced, the total risk-free proceeds on the hedged strategy in part (a) provide a return equal to the T-bill rate. This shift, in Campbells theory, provides an advantage to the party not currently occupying the presidency. Where do I send my inquiry? The evidence does suggest that national concerns, rather than local ones, can function as powerful motivators at the polls. c. A legislator follows the public opinion of his or her e. the ability to declare war, In crafting the executive branch, what was the motive behind the decisions of the Constitution's Framers? helping individual members of their constituency, when party victory is the most important goals of members of Congress. a. majority leader The pork barrel may aid the district of a member of Congress by ________. a. What is the vice president's only constitutionally defined job? the issues that Congress will consider acting upon, a strategic Senate maneuver that allows a majority to decide to bypass a filibuster. Which of the following statements about residential patterns in the United States is most accurate? d. omnibus, The vice president of the United States is the ceremonial leader of the Senate, but he or she has little real leadership responsibilities. | :---: | :---: | Table of Contents Page 3 Introduction Congressional Liaison Service Locations & Contact Information Page 4 The general trend in the relationship between Congress and the states has been one in which congressional power has __________. Which of the following processes apply to the House but not the Senate? The United States became a simple free market economy. d. women. People naturally feel more driven by the things that affect them on a daily basis. Democrats tend to cluster in the urban areas of the United States. intended. a. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Common congressional casework requests include tracking a misdirected benefits payment; helping to fill out a government form; applying for Social Security, veterans', education, and other federal benefits; explaining government activities or decisions; In general, this is true. Term Limits v. Thornton (1995), there are currently no term limits for either senators or representatives, despite efforts by many states to impose them in the mid-1990s.10 House members are elected by the voters in their specific congressional districts. by increasing jobs and revenue with federally funded projects. impeachment a. majority leader satisfying constituents and supporting party positions. | Rate per stand| $\$2$ | d. outsider c. briefs c. impeachment If members of Congress are motivated by gaining reelection (the electoral connection), which of the following behaviors help them connect with voters? a. five helping a constituent qualify for federal benefits One finding is that, counter to conventional wisdom, the vast majority of direct campaign contributions come from individual donors, not from PACs and political parties. Favors and other forms of assistance that members of Congress provide to their constituents. All that the accountant remembers is that actual production was 220 stands and that all materials purchased were used in production.
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